Enzyme catalysis overview the information will assist teachers with aspects of lab 2 that are not necessarily addressed in the lab manual. Ap biology lab manual for teachers supplement lab 2. For instance, an enzyme that recognizes a four base pairs. Students were asked to discuss how each of the two factors they selected would affect the reaction rate.
Abstract the purpose of this lab was to test enzyme function in various environments. An inquirybased approach supplement to the first printing this document provides. Restriction enzyme cleavage of dna and electrophoresis ap. Enzymes are effected by temperature, ph, and substrate to enzyme concentration. Background information enzymes serve as an aid in chemical reactions. With the peroxidase enzyme activity inquiry lab solution for ap biology, students investigate the activity of turnip peroxidase by measuring its rate of reaction with hydrogen peroxide and a natural reducing agent. Science is about the process of investigating, and should be a central part of your experience in ap biology.
Select from an extensive catalog of educational tools available for enhancing the teaching of biological subjects, including simulated testing of blood and urine, the illustration of various natural habitats, and the dissection of sterilized stool samples collected from different regions. An enzyme is a biological catalyst that increases the rate of chemical reaction by. Peroxidase enzyme activity ap biology big idea 4, investigation an advanced inquiry lab introduction enzyme activityhow the rate of an enzymecatalyzed reaction depends on concentration, ph, temperature, metal ions, etc. Follow your teachers instructions regarding cleanup and disposal of all chemicals and materials used in this lab. More specifically, the objective was to perform an experiment in.
The effect of ph on the rate of enzyme catalysis of catalase objectives. For example, the enzyme amylase in your saliva speeds up the breakdown down of starch the substrate into simple sugars. We will be working in this lab with a representative enzyme catalase. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. He then explains how you can measure the rate of an enzyme. Meets ap science practices 4, 5, 6, and 7, and big idea 4. The change in shape of the active site of an enzyme so that it binds more snugly to the substrate, induced by entry of the substrate. Each test tube received 10 drops of enzyme and individually, the rate of the reaction was determined by an the appearance of o2 using an o2 sensor.
Big genetics and information transfer 3 ap central. These suggestions are provided to enhance the students overall lab experience as well as their conceptual understanding. Study the characteristics of an enzymemediated reaction. The optimum reaction conditions are different for each enzyme. Oct 19, 2017 ap biology syllabus, class procedures course description. For example, the enzyme amylase in your saliva speeds up the breakdown down of. The enzyme had a greater reaction rate at a ph of 7. Part d instructed students to list two environmental factors that can alter the rate of enzymemediated reactions. The enzyme used in lab 2a and 2b catalase has four polypeptide chains, each composed of more than 500 amino acids. Students were expected to demonstrate an understanding of how environmental variables control an enzymes function. Restriction enzyme student guide meets revised college board ap biology standards 4704776.
Pcr is a technique where millions of copies of dna can be made from one original copy. How are the structure and functions of enzymes related. Statistically, an enzyme will average one cut for every 4n base pairs, where n is the length of the recognition site. Some of the recommended labs may be too expensive or too time consuming for your class. Ap biology the catalase that works in liver and in red blood cells. Prepare the agarose gel just before the lab and maintain it in its liquid state by placing it in a 5565c water bath. Cover the top of the agarose container flask to minimize evaporation.
Ap biology lab investigations allow you to explore the natural world, and provide opportunities for you to choose to study what interests you most about each concept. Enzymes are a form of proteins that act as catalysts to speed up chemical reactions without being consumed by the reaction. Enzyme reaction rates using toothpickase introduction. To conduct the handson laboratory activities in this course, you will need to obtain the materials listed in. Two important components of enzymes are their active sites, where the actual substrates bind, and the allosteric sites, which affect the enzymes shape.
Ap bio reading guides biology in focus 2nd edition. Includes access to exclusive flinnprep digital content to combine the benefits of classroom, laboratory and digital learning. Restriction enzymes cut at specific locations restriction sites dna is negatively charged smaller dna fragments travel faster than larger fragments relative size of dna fragments can be determined by distance travelled use standard curve to calculate size. Other results for ap biology lab 21 have a blast answers. Name the substrate and products of the peroxidasecatalyzed reaction. The purpose of this lab is to investigate the impact of temperature, substrate concentration, enzyme concentration, and the presence of an inhibitor on the effectiveness and rate of an enzyme. All organisms rely on enzymes to catalyze chemical reactions. The new ap biology labs can be found online by clicking the link below. In this lab, you will be given an array of materials and you will be asked to design your own experiment to test the effect of pineapple on gelatin. In the enzyme concentration lab it was determined that as the concentration of.
If another enzyme from a north sea crustacean was studied and its enzyme activity was plotted on the graph, where would it appear. They act as catalysts and affect the rate of a chemical reaction. Enzyme catalysis pre lab some questions to think about before the lab. Updated urls corrections clarifications to lab procedures and equipment needs sample data tables for investigation 7 updated version of ap biology equations and formulas appendix page chapter investigation change. Be specific in your description, use drawings if necessary. Scheduling the activities in this lab can be a bit complex. They are able to speed up a chemical reaction without being affected, also known as a catalyst.
Restriction enzyme 112 cleavage of dna and electrophoresis ap biology lab 6b see page 3 for storage instructions. There are numerous alternative lab activities that measure the rate of. Ap biology syllabus, class procedures course description. In this lab, the enzyme catalase was used to break down hydrogen peroxide into less toxic water and oxygen gas. However, teachers are not limited to only using their versions of the lab. In this experiment there were definitive results for each section. Enzyme catalysis pre lab answers free pdf file sharing. Enzymes bond with substrates and react with the substrates to release products. Catalase is an enzyme that speeds up the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide into water h 2o and oxygen gas o 2. They are a part of the macromolecule group of protein. The warm liver will have the best enzyme function because heat means that energy is being added and the reaction will occur faster. If a hot springs bacterial enzyme was studied and its activity data was plotted, where would it lie. The purpose of this experiment is to determine the effect of temperature on enzyme function.
Substrate concentration, temperature, and ph all affect the chemical reaction. The objective of this lab was to develop a protocol to investigate the effect of an environmental variable on the catalytic function of an enzyme. Cooperativity a form of allosteric regulation that can amplify enzyme activity. Enzyme catalysis ap biology flvs segment 1 2012 ap lab 2. The effect of temperature and whether a seed has broken dormancy are quantified and graphed. Is an enzyme consumed or changed during a chemical reaction. In this lab, the enzyme catalase was used to break down.
You have just read in the previous section that lactaid is really the enzyme lactase. Knowing a collection of facts about biology is beneficial only if you can use that information to understand and investigate a particular aspect of the natural world. What are some good sources of the human enzyme catalase. The objective of this experiment is to develop an understanding of the role of restriction enzymes and agarose gel electrophoresis to cut and size dna. The ap college board lists labs for its recommended curriculum, however, teachers are not limited to only using their versions of the lab. The ap college board lists labs for its recommended curriculum, summarized in the publication, ap biology investigative labs. Paul andersen starts with a brief description of enzymes and substrates. Ap biology lab materials july 2018 1 of 5 introduction lab options ap biology requires the completion of handson lab activities, and has been approved by the college board as meeting all requirements for a laboratory science course. You will use approximately 50 ml of agarose per gel depending upon your electrophoresis apparatus. Summarize the effect of enzyme concentration on enzyme activity. Ap biology lab cell respiration this investigation uses respirometry techniques to calculate the rate of oxygen consumption cellular respiration in germinating pea seeds. One function of catalase within cells is to prevent the accumulation of toxic. Bozeman video ap biology labs prelab questions lab 2 enzyme catalysis.
Four chairs and a potted plant were overturned in the center of the room, and broken pieces of glass were scattered across the floor along with several wet red drops. As could be predicted, the purified enzyme from a common soil fungus has a ph optimum of 5. The main enzyme for this lab, peroxidase, is found in many different forms, with optimum phs ranging from 4 to 11 depending on the source and optimum temperatures varying from 10 to 70c. Read the background information at the beginning of the lab so you understand lactose intolerance, the action of the enzyme lactase and the commercial product, lactaid. A ph of 7 seems to be the optimal level of reactivity in the peroxidase enzyme used.
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